NERVE ROOT AND CRANIAL NERVE LOSS MANIFESTATIONS

QUS	ANS
C5 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes)	Muscles: Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, delt, biceps. Reflexes: Biceps & Brachioradialis
C6 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes)	Muscles: Biceps, Supinator, wrist extensors. Reflexes: Biceps, brachioradialis
C7 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes)	Muscles: Triceps, wrist flexors Reflexes: Triceps
C8 (Muscle innervation, Reflexes)	Muscles: Ulnar deviators, Thumb extensors, Thumb adductors. Reflexes: Triceps
L1 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes)	Muscles: None Myotome: L1,2 Hip flexion Reflexes: None
L2 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes)	Muscles: Psoas, hip adductors. Myotome: L1,2 Hip flexion Reflexes: None
L3 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings)	Muscles: Psoas, Quads. Myotome: L3,4 Knee extension Reflexes: Knee jerk sluggish Findings: PKB positive, pain on full SLR
L4 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings)	Muscles: Tib ant, EH Myotome: L3,4 Knee extension L4,5 Dorsiflexion (heel walking) Reflexes: Weak or absent knee jerk Findings: Limited SLR, Pain w/ neck flexion, limited side flexion
L5 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings)	Muscles: EH, Peroneals, Glut med, DFs, Hamstring and calf atrophy Myotome: L4,5 DF. L5 Great toe extension Reflexes: Achilles. Findings: SLR limited on one side, painful neck flexion, decreased ankle ROM, Crossed-leg raising pain
S1 & S2 (Muscle innervation, Myotome, Reflexes, Findings)	Muscles: Calf and hamstring, Wasting of gluts, peroneals, PFs. Myotome: S1, PF (toe walking) S2, Great toe flexion Reflexes: Achilles reflex weak or absent. Findings: Limited SLR
S2	Same as S1
How do you test CN I?	Identify familiar odors.
How do you test CN II?	Visual fields
How do you test CN III?	Upward, downward & medial gaze. Reaction to light.
How do you test CN IV?	Downward & lateral gaze
How do you test CN V?	Corneal reflex, face sensation, separate clenched jaw, jaw jerk
How do you test CN VI?	Lateral gaze
How do you test CN VII?	Close eyes tight, smile and show teeth, whistle and puff cheeks, Identify sweet/sour
How do you test CN VIII?	Hear watch ticking, hearing tests, balance & coordination
How do you test CN IX?	Gag reflex, ability to swallow
How do you test CN X?	Gag reflex, ability to swallow, say "ahhh"
How do you test CN XI?	Resisted shoulder shrug
How do you test CN XII?	Tongue protrusion (tongue deviates toward injured side)
Posterior cord:	US subscapular, LS, TD, Axillary, Radial
Medial cord	MP, Median, Ulnar
Lateral cord	LP, MC
Upper trank	SC Sublavis, SS suprascapular
Roots	DS LT